| Summary Information |
| Diseases /
List of Parasitic Diseases
/ Disease summary |
| Alternative Names |
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| Disease Agents |
Gonglyonema
pulchrum, a spirurid nematode found in a variety of mammalian hosts worldwide. (J1.14.w10,
J1.22.w8)
Intermediate hosts of Gonglyonema pulchrum are various Blattaria and
Coleoptera. (J1.14.w10)
From Ursus americanus - American black bear:
- Males length 29.1 mm (range 23-37 mm), width 185 µm (range 150-230
µm). (J1.22.w8)
- Females length 58.7 mm (range 40-75 mm), width 327 µm (range
270-360 µm). (J1.22.w8)
- Embryonated eggs 36.0 µm (31.2-43.2) by 59.7 (52.8-64.8) µm. (J1.22.w8)
- Note: the high prevalence, and finding that most females were
gravid, suggests that Ursus americanus - American black bear
is a natural host for this nematode. (J1.22.w8)
- Numerous specimens of Gonglyonema pulchrum (? = G. ursi) were present in the tongue of an
Euarctos americanus americanus (Ursus americanus - American black bear)
from Pennsylvania, which had been found dying, emaciated with loose matted hair and easily-torn skin.
(J11.36.w1)
- Female 41-55 mm long, body diameter 240-260 um, oesophagus 7 mm long, anterior portion 500-600 um. Tail 200-250 um, vulva 1.6-2.1 mm from posterior end.
(J11.36.w1)
- Male 20-25 mm long, body diameter 180-190 um, oesophagus 4-4.2 mm, anterior portion 500-600 um, tail 230-315 um. Left spicule 9-9.6 mm long, right spicule 105-140 um, gubernaculum 50-70 um long. Five pairs of preanal papillae and four pairs of large postanal papillae.
(J11.36.w1)
- Eggs 54-60 um by 30-33 um. (J11.36.w1)
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| Infectious
Agent(s) |
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| Non-infectious
Agent(s) |
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| Physical
Agent(s) |
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| General Description |
- Found in muscles: described from tongue, diaphragm and oesophagus. (J1.14.w10,
J1.22.w8, J381.50.w1)
- May be present more commonly in the diaphragm than the tongue, based
on individuals in which both tissues were examined. (J1.14.w10)
- Grossly visible. (J1.22.w8)
- One to 55 worms (mean 5.9) per tongue were noted in one study. (J1.22.w8)
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| Further Information |
In bears
- Gongylonema pulchrum was found in the tongue and oesophagus of 54% of Ursus americanus - American black bear during a survey of black bears from six states in the southeastern USA, July 1973-November 1976. It was noted that the worm was present in the oesophagus more commonly than in the
tongue and that this
was the only parasite found in a denning bear. (J1.14.w10)
- Numerous specimens of Gonglyonema pulchrum (? = G. ursi) were present in the tongue of an
Euarctos americanus americanus
(Ursus americanus - American black bear) from Pennsylvania, which had been found dying, emaciated
and with loose matted hair and easily-torn skin. (J11.36.w1
)
Gonglyonema pulchrum was detected in the oesophagus of 38.2% of 46
Ursus americanus - American black
bears examined during a survey in Florida, October 1976-April 1981.
(J381.50.w1)
- Gonglyonema pulchrum were found in the oesophagus of two
bears during a survey of 22 Florida black bears
Ursus americanus floridanus (Ursus americanus - American black bear)
cubs (up to 12 months old) between 1998 and 2003, with one nematode
found in one bear and 87 in a second bear. (J11.90.w2)
- This parasite has not been detected in Ursus americanus - American black bear
from Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Wisconsin, Alberta,
Ontario or Quebec; Pennsylvania may represent the northern limit. (J1.22.w8)
In Lagomorphs
- Found in the oesophagus of 1% of 260 Sylvilagus floridanus - Eastern
cottontail from the southeastern USA, 1966-1967. There
were 1- 6 worms per infected host. this was a new host record for this
parasite and it was considered probably an incidental host. (J1.16.w19)
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| Associated Techniques |
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| Host taxa groups /species |
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| Disease
Author |
Dr Debra Bourne MA VetMB PhD MRCVS
(V.w5) |
| Referees |
Lord Soulsby of Swaffham Prior
MA,PhD,DSc (H c: Mult) , AM(H c),DVM&S (H.c),DVMS(H.c) ,DVM(H,c) F.Med Sci.,Hon FRCVS F.Inst Biol. F.R.C.Path (H.c), DVSM, MRCVS
(V.w135) |